Buzzwords like “all-natural” and “time-tested” will pique any owner’s interest as they look for healthy products to satisfy their dogs’ desire to chew. Though they aren’t the first option many consider, antlers undeniably fit the bill. Unfortunately, natural doesn’t always mean safe, and antlers are often a poor solution due to the risk of dental damage.
As we investigate antlers composition and safety, we’ll discuss whether they can ever be a good chew option for dogs, or if you should always rule them out.
Why Aren’t Antlers Good for Dogs?
There is no doubt that most dogs love chewing, and antlers can seem like the perfect choice being both natural and long lasting. So, why do many experts advise against antlers?
Antlers are Very Hard
Antlers combine two bone types, with compact bone wrapped around the spongy bone and relatively little marrow running through them.
Antlers are built for impact resistance and energy absorption. Deer, elk, and moose use them to signify their status and fight for control of the harem as they go into rut. One study found that dry deer antler was 2.4 times tougher than normal wet femur bone and six times more durable against impacts.1 They are also harder than the enamel that makes up dog teeth. Interestingly dog tooth enamel is much thinner than that of human teeth.
Antlers Can Damage Teeth
The antler’s hard outer bone is challenging to dent, and one of the primary concerns is a dog chipping or fracturing a tooth when chewing on it. Canine tooth fractures are common, occuring in up to 27% of dogs, and damage from hard chews is one of the most common causes of this injury.2
Unfortunately, dental fractures usually affect some of the most functionally crucial teeth, the large carnassial teeth. Cracked and broken teeth are extremely painful as they expose the pulp which contains blood vessels and nerves. Dogs often eat less and may paw at their faces or rub them on objects to try and relieve the discomfort.
The exposed pulp is prone to bacterial infections and can lead to tooth root abscesses and further inflammation and pain. Dogs with broken or cracked teeth must visit their vet, who will perform exams and X-rays. Root canals, extraction, or surgery are often necessary to correct the issue.
Antlers Can Be a Choking Hazard
As dogs chew their antler bones, the structure gradually reduces. Eventually, antlers can become small enough for dogs to swallow, a potentially severe issue. If they try to swallow an oversized piece, it can become lodged in the throat, creating a choking hazard.
Antlers Can Cause Gastrointestinal Obstructions
If your dog manages to swallow a piece of antler, larger pieces can cause blockages in the digestive tract, a serious and painful condition. Vomiting is usually one of the first signs of the problem, and emergency surgery is usually needed to remove the piece of antler.
Which Dogs Shouldn’t Have Antlers?
While an antler’s hardness can potentially damage any dog’s teeth, their chewing style will dictate the risk more than anything. Large dogs and power chewers have more issues because they put too much pressure on the antler. Dogs with a history of dental disease or weak teeth are also at a higher risk of damage.
The outer enamel layer of a dog’s teeth is hard, but the overall structure is much weaker than the all-bone composition of an antler. Light chewing will allow the teeth to gradually wear the bone away, which may avoid tooth damage and help remove plaque from the outside of the teeth. With enough force applied, the structure of the tooth will fail before the antler, causing the tooth to crack or break.
Why Are Antlers Popular Chews for Dogs?
Antlers provide a mentally and physically stimulating enrichment opportunity for dogs, reducing boredom and stress. They also have several potential benefits over some other chew options.
Antlers Are Durable and Less Likely to Splinter
An antler’s limited flexibility and resistance to breakage reduce the chance of splintering as your dog chews.
When it comes to choosing between antlers and bones for your dog, there are several factors to consider. While bones are a common chew option for dogs, antlers offer unique benefits that may make them a better choice for your furry friend.
Antlers Are Safer
Compared to bones, antlers are less likely to cause mouth or internal lacerations in dogs. Additionally, antlers provide a longer-lasting chew option, making them a safer choice for dogs who love to chew.
Antlers Have Nutritional Benefits
Antlers contain essential nutrients that can benefit dogs, including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, and Type I collagen. While antlers may be lower in marrow compared to bones, they still offer nutritional value for your dog.
Antlers Are Animal-Friendly
Unlike bones, no animals need to die to supply antlers for your dog. Deer naturally shed their antlers seasonally, making antlers a sustainable and animal-friendly chew option for your pet.
Antlers Are Cleaner Than Bones
Antlers are odorless and cleaner than bones, making them a more hygienic chew option for your dog. They also leave behind fewer stains, making cleanup easier for pet owners.
How to Offer Antlers to Dogs
When offering antlers to your dog, consider the size and type of antler that is suitable for your pet. Deer antlers are ideal for small breeds, while elk antlers are popular for medium and large dogs. Moose antlers and split antlers are also options to consider based on your dog’s size and chewing preferences.
Remember to supervise your dog while they chew on antlers and replace them when they become small enough to swallow to prevent choking hazards.
Final Thoughts
While antlers can be a practical and long-lasting enrichment option for dogs, it’s essential to consider the potential risks, especially for power chewers. Consulting with your vet can help you make an informed decision about whether antlers are a safe choice for your dog.
Ultimately, the health and safety of your pet should be the top priority when selecting a chew option. Consider all factors before introducing antlers to your dog’s routine.
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